In general, the evolution of dressings is from the earliest passive dressings, to interactive dressings, and then to today's bioactive dressings. Next, Winner will take you to learn about the types of wound dressing products.
Ⅰ. Types of wound dressing products
1. Passive dressings (traditional dressings)
Passively covers the wound and absorbs exudates, providing limited protection to the wound.
2. Interactive dressings
There are various forms of interaction between the dressing and the wound surface, such as absorbing exudates and toxic substances, allowing gas exchange, thereby creating an ideal environment for healing; the barrier outer layer structure prevents the invasion of microorganisms in the environment and prevents the wound surface cross infection, etc.
3. Bioactive dressings (occlusive dressings)
This type of wound dressing product is also known as an occlusive dressing because it prevents the wound from drying out. The dressing is a combined dressing made of polymer materials and biological materials processed by high-tech methods, which is a hot spot in the development and research of wound dressings. The biosynthetic dressing has a double-layer structure, and the outer layer is made of polymer material, which provides a barrier function equivalent to the epidermis; the main materials used for the inner layer are collagen, chitosan wound dressing and calcium alginate, which has biocompatibility, good water absorption, air permeability, adhesion and antibacterial and hemostatic effects. It can not only absorb wound exudate to ensure adequate drainage, but also retain part of the exudate in the dressing to maintain a local moist environment imitating the physiological healing of the wound, which is conducive to the regeneration of wound granulation tissue and epithelial cells, and accelerates wound healing. Some substances that are beneficial to wound healing can also be added to the synthetic dressing, such as drugs, cytokines, growth factors, etc., to form various dressings such as drug dressings, cytokine dressings, and growth factor dressings.
Ⅱ. Precautions for choosing the type of wound dressing products
1. According to the assessment of the individual condition of the patient
The patient's physical, psychological, and economic acceptance of the dressing is also very important. Different patients have different physiques and different degrees of sensitivity to dressings, and some dressings may cause skin allergies in some patients. Certain patients are unacceptable to dressings with strong odors, such as hydrocolloid wound dressing and alginate foam dressing. If patients have higher requirements for quality of life, the comfort and ease of use of dressings have become important reference factors for dressing selection. Newer dressings are relatively expensive, but good dressings can reduce the number of changes. Ultimately the dressing should be used according to the patient's request.
2. Choose dressings based on wound assessment
For primary healing wounds, gauze and film should be used; for superficial wounds, film should be used; for wounds with little to moderate exudation, hydrogel should be used; for wounds with moderate to severe exudation, alginate should be used; for dry necrosis The wound should use hydrogel, hydrocolloid.
3. Dynamic evaluation during use
Because wound conditions are constantly changing, wound assessments must be performed at regular intervals. According to the progress of wound healing or the degree of deterioration, assess at any time whether the most appropriate dressing has been selected and whether the dressing is used correctly.
It is difficult to say which type of wound dressing product will be most suitable for wounds, and even if a certain dressing has been proven effective for such wounds, it may not be suitable for all patients. Therefore, it is the most reasonable to choose the dressing according to individual conditions, dynamically select the dressing, and apply it in combination, and choose the safest, most effective, simple to use, and high cost-effective dressing. There are many products to choose from, and new products are constantly being launched. The wound condition should be accurately assessed, and an economical, simple, and practical wound cover should be selected to promote wound healing. Of course, the criteria for an ideal dressing are relative. With the development and progress of society, human beings will have higher and higher requirements for dressings.
